The voltage supply is connected across terminals 1 and 3, positive lead to terminal one while negative lead to terminal three.
In the circuit diagram shown below, the terminals of the potentiometer are marked 1, 2 and 3. When connected to a circuit, the two fixed terminals are connected to the ends of the resistive elements while the third terminal is connected to the wiper. How does it work?Īs already discussed, a potentiometer has three terminals. Next lets discuss the very crux of this article, the working principle of the potentiometer. It is represented by a zigzag line with an arrow pointing inwards at the center. Figure 1 shows some practical pots, while figure 2 shows the standard symbol of the same.
Now that we have had an introduction about the potentiometer, you might have a curiosity of knowing how it looks like. Gone are the days of large bulky potentiometers, now what we get is quite small and easy to use and light to carry also they have now used in wide range of applications. Hence, the name “potentiometer” was given to this device, which is coined from the combination of two words: potential difference and metering. In its early days of manufacture, it was thought of like a large wire wound resistive coil,which could be adjusted so as to measure the voltage difference across it. They are passive in nature, therefore dissipate power rather than supplying power to the circuit. Since it coverts rotary or linear motion by the operator into a change in resistance(hence a change in electric parameter), it can be called an electro-mechanical transducer. As the resistance changes, the current through the circuit changes and hence according to the ohms law, the voltage across the resistive material also changes. The value of the resistance can be changed from zero to a defined upper limit, by just manually sliding the contact over a resistive strip. Out of its three terminals, two of them are fixed and one is a varying (linear / rotary) terminal. The potentiometers or the “pots”, as it is commonly known in the electric circles, is a three terminal variable resistor. So let’s get started! Potentiometer (pot) This article deals with the working principle, construction and application of a potentiometer. Out of the numerous linear and Non-linear variable resistors available, the most common is the Potentiometer. As their respective names suggest, a fixed resistor has a single fixed value of resistance, whereas a variable resistor has resistance value over a defined range. These resistors can be broadly classified as fixed and variable resistors. Mostly used to regulate the current flow by adding/subtracting resistance from the circuit, these resistors are available in many shapes and sizes. Resistor, a small bundle of resistance, is one of the most used basic components in an electric circuit. Potentiometer – Working, Circuit Diagram, Construction & Types
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